: Prolonged conflict only serves to impoverish the state. Modern interpretations like Christopher MacDonald’s The Science of War highlight how these principles aim to keep warfare brief and controlled to minimize cost and risk. Five Factors of Assessment
: Success depends on accurate information. Sun Tzu famously states that those who know both themselves and their enemy will not be in peril in a hundred battles. The Science of War: Sun Tzu’s "Art of War" re-t...
: "All warfare is based on deception". This involves appearing inactive when active, or far away when near, to force an opponent into making mistakes. : Prolonged conflict only serves to impoverish the state