The "business end" that reacts with the fibre (e.g., vinyl sulfone or cyanuric chloride).
Generally requires salt to drive the dye into the fibre and alkali to fix it. 🌍 Environmental Impact The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes. Reactive Dyes
The dye attaches to the fibre through a chemical reaction triggered by alkaline conditions (high pH). There are two main types of reaction mechanisms: 1. Nucleophilic Substitution The "business end" that reacts with the fibre (e
While reactive dyes are safer than many older synthetics (like those using heavy metals), they require large amounts of salt and water for the fixation and rinsing processes. Modern research focuses on "low-salt" dyes and increasing the to reduce chemical waste. The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes. Reactive Dyes