: Defined as the deliberate, systematic attempt to shape perceptions and direct behavior to achieve a response that furthers the desired intent of the propagandist . It is often a one-way communication where the propagandist's goals are the priority.
: Described as a transactional, interactive process where the persuader attempts to satisfy the needs of both themselves and the audience. It seeks voluntary change in beliefs or behaviors. Key Analytical Framework Propaganda & Persuasion [PDF] Propaganda and Persuasion
The authors distinguish between propaganda and persuasion based on the and the nature of the interaction : : Defined as the deliberate, systematic attempt to