: This is used to combine the results of the original query with a new query, often used to extract data like usernames or passwords.
: These are comment tags used to bypass basic security filters that might block spaces. : This is used to combine the results
If the website takes exactly 2 seconds longer than usual to load, the attacker knows the site is vulnerable to SQL injection. : : This is used to combine the results
: This is the most effective defense. It treats all user input as "data" rather than "executable code," so the sleep(2) command is never actually run. : This is used to combine the results