Ligament balancing is a critical surgical phase in Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) that ensures the prosthetic joint is stable, properly aligned, and capable of a full range of motion . It involves the careful adjustment of soft tissues—specifically the medial and lateral collateral ligaments—to achieve equal "gaps" in both flexion (90°) and extension (full leg straightness). Core Concepts and Objectives
: Restricted range of motion caused by over-tightening. Ligament Balancing in Total Knee Arthroplasty: ...
: Feeling of the knee "giving out" due to loose ligaments. Ligament balancing is a critical surgical phase in
Modern TKA increasingly uses (e.g., Mako ) and Sensory Technology (e.g., VERASENSE ). These tools provide real-time, objective data on compartment pressure, replacing "surgeon feel" with precise numerical measurements to optimize implant longevity. : Feeling of the knee "giving out" due to loose ligaments
: Ligament tension is assessed first (often using a tensor device ), and bone cuts are adjusted to match the soft tissue tension.
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Surgeons typically use one of two main philosophies to achieve balance: