As of early 2026, version 29 is no longer the most current release. Staying updated ensures better security and performance: : Version 31.0.0 was released in June 2025.

: Do not include the manufacturer (IBM) in the in-text citation if the software is well-known.

: IBM offers a Free Trial that allows you to explore the full capabilities of the software before purchasing.

: "The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics (Version 29) [Software]."

: Many universities provide free or heavily discounted subscriptions for students and staff. Check your institution’s software portal or Student Order Link .