: Unlike the stomach, the esophagus lacks a protective lining against acid and pepsin. Chronic exposure damages the mucosa and submucosa, triggering pain through deep-seated sensory nerves.
: A condition where symptoms persist despite a normal endoscopy and even when acid suppression therapy fails. It is often linked to esophageal hypersensitivity , where the nerves in the esophagus are overly sensitive to even physiological (normal) levels of acid. Distinguishing Heartburn from Heart Attacks Heartburn or heart attack: When to worry - Mayo Clinic HEART BURN
: Patients have typical symptoms but no visible esophageal damage during an endoscopy. : Unlike the stomach, the esophagus lacks a
The primary cause is gastroesophageal reflux (GER), where stomach contents regurgitate into the esophagus. : Unlike the stomach