Times of solar/lunar eclipses, planetary ingresses (moving into a new sign), and retrograde motion.
An ephemeris provides more than just a location in the sky. Scientific versions often include: Ephemeris
Missions like Hayabusa2 rely on updated ephemerides of asteroids to achieve high-precision landings (within 100 metres). Times of solar/lunar eclipses
Brightness (magnitude), distance from the Sun or Earth, velocity, and apparent diameter. distance from the Sun or Earth