: Usually follows a pattern like CTF... or FLAG... . Tools Summary Identification file , sha256sum , VirusTotal Cracking John the Ripper, Hashcat Extraction 7z , unzip , binwalk Analysis strings , exiftool , CyberChef, stegsolve

: For executable files, use binwalk to check for embedded files or CyberChef to decode suspected Base64, ROT13, or XOR-encoded strings. 5. Flag Capture

: Run strings on extracted binaries or data files to find embedded URLs, IP addresses, or the flag itself.

: Use the file command to confirm it is a valid ZIP archive.

: If PowerShell or batch scripts are present, analyze them for obfuscation or C2 (Command & Control) callback addresses.

: Investigate the contents of the ZIP file to identify malicious activity, hidden flags, or persistent mechanisms. 2. Initial Reconnaissance