Anatomical Reference Apr 2026

In this standard, the body is described as if it is in the following posture: Standing tall and erect. Head Forward: Eyes and face directed straight ahead. Arms at Sides: Hanging naturally with palms facing forward .

Splits the body into top and bottom halves . 📍 Directional Terms

Towards the head (upper) vs. towards the feet (lower) . anatomical reference

Splits the body into front and back portions.

Towards the midline vs. away from the midline toward the sides. In this standard, the body is described as

Often considered the authoritative "bible" of human anatomy .

The front (ventral) vs. the back (dorsal) of the body . In this standard

Toes pointing straight ahead and feet flat on the floor.