The "Megali Idea" drove all major foreign policy decisions and military engagements.
Following the London Protocol of 1830 , Greece was recognized as a fully independent monarchical state.
Following WWI, Venizelos achieved the "Greece of the two continents and five seas," gaining Eastern Thrace and the administration of the Smyrna zone in Asia Minor. Summary of Key Developments State Building The "Megali Idea" drove all major foreign policy
Heavily agrarian initially, with periodic bankruptcies (1843, 1893) and slow industrialization.
Military officers demanded reforms, leading to the rise of Eleftherios Venizelos , arguably the most significant statesman in modern Greek history. Summary of Key Developments State Building Heavily agrarian
The period between represents the foundational century of the modern Greek state, a turbulent era defined by the transition from an Ottoman province to a modern European nation-state.
After Otto was deposed in 1862, of the House of Glücksburg was elected King. This period brought greater stability and democratic reforms. After Otto was deposed in 1862, of the
This "deep review" explores the key themes, political shifts, and territorial expansions that shaped Greece during these nine decades. 1. The Foundation and the Othonian Period (1830–1862)